Government Should Be Responsible For Cleaning Up...

Governments Should be Responsible for Cleaning up Environmental Hazards from Previous Resource Use The responsibility of dealing with environmental hazards resulting from earlier resource use and environmental standards that are no longer acceptable today should be devoted in its entirety to different forms of government whether that be the federal, provincial or municipal level. This paper will discuss that only governments have enough money and resources available to adequately and efficiently clean up environmental hazards earlier caused. The paper will then present that it is unfair to punish innocent civilians living in areas that are environmentally hazardous plagued with poor air quality, unsafe and unusable drinking or bathing water. Furthermore the paper will state that biodiversity of such hazardous regions drastically reduces from poor water and air quality will be discussed. Finally, the paper will discuss that there will be an economic boom and growth resulting from new jobs for the clean-up as well as a new reputation for the area being clean and safe which ultim ately provides a new space that is useable for new commercial industries. The key arguments are addressed and accompanied by two significant case studies in which will give insight on why the government should be responsible for such cleanups. Although there are numerous case studies available the two primary case studies that are used are listed as follows: Canada’s most contaminated region, theShow MoreRelatedFood Safety Management Systems9052 Words   |  37 Pagesstep by step from the selection of ingredients right through to the service of the food to the customer. By carefully analyzing each step of the food preparation and service operation anything that may affect the safety of the food is identified and controlled. Food safety Management Program helps in ensuring that food is safe at all times and the risk of food poisoning is minimized / prevented Why is Food safety Management Program important? The following are the costs resulting from food poisoning: Read MoreThe Differences Between China And The U.s. Essay2126 Words   |  9 Pagesthat pollution is evident and that we need to do something about it. The National Environmental Policy Act (Nepa) has changed the landscape of how businesses should make decisions. It forces companies/businesses to evaluate their financial decisions by taking more consideration in respect to the environment. They are to consider as stated by the U.S. General Service Administration, â€Å"systematically assess the environmental impacts of their proposed actions and consider alternative ways of accomplishingRead MoreToxic Waste : Negative Effects3059 Words   |  13 Pageshave on the health of humans, wildlife, and nature in general. Without proper mitigation, and methods of dealing with the issue at hand, the situation will only continue getting worse in the future. There is a significant array of environmental issues affected by toxic waste. Toxic waste refers to things that are products not just of dangerous production materials, but also of all sorts of products in the environment. Major products in the environment include plastic products, batteriesRead MoreManaging Risks of Hazardous Chemicals20269 Words   |  82 PagesWhat is required to manage the risks of hazardous chemicals? 7 2. HOW TO IDENTIFY HAZARDS 10 2.1 Labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) 10 2.2 Unlabelled containers 10 2.3 Hazardous chemicals generated or manufactured in the workplace 12 2.4 Chemicals with exposure standards 13 2.5 Hazardous chemical register 13 2.6 Other sources of information 13 3. HOW TO ASSESS RISKS 14 3.1 Decide who should do the assessment 14 3.2 Decide what sort of risk assessment is appropriate 15 3.3Read MoreDisaster Management Policies and Systems in Pakistan13687 Words   |  55 PagesOfficer DERA Drought Emergency Relief Assistance DANIDA Danish International Development Assistance ECF Energy Conservation Fund EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ERC Emergency Relief Cell FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FFC Federal Flood Commission GDO Goods Dispatch Organization GoP Government of Pakistan HKH Hindu Kush – Himalayan LGO Local Government Ordinance MDGs Millenium Development Goals MF Micro Finance MMTs Medical Mobile Teams MSDP Micro-Finance Sector Development Program NWFPRead MoreDefinition of Air Pollution7529 Words   |  31 Pagesthe worlds worst pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute Worlds Worst Polluted Places report.[1] Define Air pollutants Pollutants Main articles: Pollutant and Greenhouse gas Before flue gas desulfurization was installed, the emissions from this power plant in New Mexico contained excessive amounts of sulfur dioxide. Schematic drawing, causes and effects of air pollution: (1) greenhouse effect, (2) particulate contamination, (3) increased UV radiation, (4) acid rain, (5) increased groundRead MoreUnit 4222-208 (Hsc 027) Essay12711 Words   |  51 Pageslegislation, including Health amp; Safety. 1989 saw six Health amp; Safety Directives issued. They had to be applied as law by each of the Member countries. By authority given to the Secretary of Sate these Directives became Regulations enforceable from January 1st 1993. The Health amp; Safety at Work etc Act is the Ê ºparentÊ º of all UK Health amp; Safety legislation. THE HEALTH amp; SAFETY AT WORK ACT (HSWA) 1974 This Act covers all people at work, including those working in Registered CareRead MoreEffects and Impact of Solid Waste Generation in Abuja Municicipal Area Council9572 Words   |  39 Pagesof Abuja. The residential and indigenous inhabitants of AMAC is worth an estimated projection of about 2.5million people drawn from all over Nigeria and the spheres of the world. Historically, certain areas of AMAC have indeed enjoyed better solid waste management services than others. A major aspect highlighted by Mabogunje(2001) is the decision taken by the government to house incoming civil servants in the â€Å"Accelerated district† meant for construction workers after Abuja became the nation’s capitalRead MoreNfpa 100630569 Words   |  123 PagesTechnician Professional Qualifications and released by the Technical Correlating Committee on Professional Qualifications. It was issued by the Standards Council on December 11, 2007, with an effective date of December 31, 2007, an d supersedes all previous editions. This edition of NFPA 1006 was approved as an American National Standard on December 31, 2007. Origin and Development of NFPA 1006 In 1994, the NFPA Standards Council, after receipt of a request for the development of a standard for theRead MoreAps1001 Project Management4617 Words   |  19 PagesBackground on the Rocky Flats Site Cleanup 1 Project Management Lessons Learned 3 Time, Cost and Performance Management 3 Risk Management amp; Planning 5 Quality Management 8 Knowledge Management 9 Communications Management 10 Human Resources Management 11 Regulation Management 13 Conclusions 14 Bibliography 15 Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to give the readers an overview about the Rocky Flats Cleanup Project which was completed in 2005 by Kaiser-Hill LLC (K-H)

The Salem Witch Trials Essay - 2214 Words

The Salem Witch Trials Introduction Accusations of witchcraft ran rampant in the 17th century colonial settlements in the United States. The individuals accused, mostly women, were put on trial and punished, if found guilty. The most well-known of such cases on public record are the Salem Witch Trials. Between February, 1692 and May, 1693, hearings and prosecutions were set up to deal with those accused of dabbling in the dark arts in the cities of Andover, Salem, and Ipswich, all in Massachusetts Bay. These trials came to commonly be referred to as the Salem Witch Trials because some of the most notorious cases were heard in the Oyer and Terminer courts in Salem. At the time, practicing witchcraft was considered a serious crime, and was†¦show more content†¦The Trials In 1692, the Puritan Community of began reporting strange incidents to which no logical explanations could be found. These incidents were often characterized by people falling ill suddenly or having fits accompanied by hysterical reactions, unprovoked laughter and crying, incoherent babbling, attempts to fly, and in some instances, a hypnotic trance-like state. The first such case was that of Betty Parris, the daughter of a local preacher named Samuel Parris. When her symptoms of her mysterious illness did not subside with cures prescribed by local doctors, many began to postulate that her ailments might be supernatural in origin. When other girls in the town began to exhibit similar symptoms as Betty Parris, it was concluded that Satan was most likely responsible for the wave of mysterious ailments and behavior. In what has often been recorded as an attempt to cure Betty of her ailments, Tituba, a Caribbean woman, who served as a slave in the Parris household, baked a cake to find out the cause of Betty’s illness. Tituba would become a central figure in the Salem Witch Trials, when her attempts to help were misunderstood as a ritual in black magic, and she was branded a witch. Once the possibility of witchcraft being involved was acknowledged by the whole community, all the activities that Tituba and those she kept company with were examined closely. Reports that the victims of witchcraft had been exposed

Communication and Leadership Styles

Question: Discuss about the Communication and Leadership Styles. Answer: Introduction Effective communication is the vital tool for any ownership business. The communication patterns and the style of leadership vary with different types of ownership structure. According to Hackman and Johnson (2013), the structure of the ownership is summarizing the framework of the firm and provides guidelines to manage business operations. During the managing activities, small business owners are generally responsible for establishing the organizational structure which is usually an extended version of personality of owners, the style of the management and other attributes. In this circumstance, the communication and leadership plays a vital role for developing the organizational culture within the business enterprise. Building upon the insights, the organization often development the model of leadership that is called organizational conversation (Men 2014). It has been addressed by many literatures that an effective communicational leader gives the direction to promote values, acco untability and strategic alignments. It has been further addresses that a clear organizational conversation can contribute to building supportive ownership culture feelings of unity by transforming values and norms in messages. This has been observed from the recent times, that smart leaders engage with employees can develop a strong command over the subordinates. Moreover, leaders initially practices and foster cultural norms that instill a conventional sensibility within the organization and increases its effectiveness (Hackman and Johnson 2013). For instance, leadership influences others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating collective and individual efforts to accomplish shared objectives, at the time of developing organizational structure by owners (Moore 2016). Communication, in this context, plays a significant role to accomplish shared objectives by following the transactional process that allows a constant cycle of information which helps building relationships with the employees (Scott 2015). Therefore, once a firm is able to define communication and leadership, it can begin for advance to the structure of the organization. Conclusion: In this research study the influences of communication and leadership styles has been assessed on the basis of different form of ownership. In the partnership business, decisions need to be taken after convincing the others and thus, shared communication culture has significantly plays a large role for the growth of the organization. On the contrary, leaders of bureaucratic tend to maintain strict communication by checking to make sure that every part of the message and the methods of delivery provided by the company. In the broad sense, this leadership style can hamper communication and prevent staffs from getting instructions and information they require to do their jobs. In other words a sense of shared communication culture can accelerate the organizational productivity. As per the above discussion, a democratic leader does not feel threatened when gets the instructions from the followers, but instead accepts the contribution to help improve the quality of decision making. By the following transformational or demographic style of leadership communication, the owners can decentralize the companys mission and vision by establishing a two way internal communication that openly flows between the follows and leaders. References: Hackman, M.Z. and Johnson, C.E., 2013. Leadership and Communication. Men, L.R., 2014. Why leadership matters to internal communication: Linking transformational leadership, symmetrical communication, and employee outcomes. Journal of Public Relations Research, 26(3), pp.256-279. Moore, A.M., 2016. Communication and Leadership Styles Utilized by Mill Managers Compared to Front Line Leaders (Doctoral dissertation, GONZAGA UNIVERSITY). Scott, C., 2015. Transformational leadership and communication satisfaction: A correlational study in a federal procurement office (Doctoral dissertation, University of phoenix).

Running Head Change Management in Restaurant

Question: Define, with references, the word analyse? Answer: Analyse Analyze means to find out or discover the exact meaning of anything. Examining the details results in improved understanding of things (Collins, nd). The scrutiny of the thing makes the process more easy for the examiner. (Macmillan, 2015). Change Management Change is the inevitable truth, for the business it becomes all the more important in determining the change management process. The management challenge is to garner the right strategy so that the changes mitigate the risks (Caldwell OReilly, 2003). Theorists have pointed that change management to be effective it should be studied in a way that regular checks and balances are ensured for the effectiveness (Lemieux Mcguire, 2006). Interventions at required intervals improve the effectiveness for the organization. Planning for the changes includes all the sections of the organizations to be a part of the process. In case of the restaurants in Gantts Hill, which come under service industry it is all the more critical to satisfy the customers. Vision of the leader and his ability to satisfy the resistance that comes naturally against change should be taken into consideration. Kotter (1996) has stated the need for adequate climate before even the change happens. Lewis has also mentione d that the changes can be segregated into two types. One is the changes in the nature of the work done, second is the change in the motivation levels of the employees (French Bell, 1999). For the change in Gantts Hill Restaurant area The biggest challenges that restaurants have to meet in the Gantts Hill area are the cyber security management. Restaurants have to deal with anti social elements and therefore significant attention should be paid on the plan to deal with these issues. Strategies should be devised for the night time activities of the restaurants. This includes given training to the staff in handling the night time activities of the visitors. The other issue is the hygiene and cleanliness of the area. Change management plan should adopt measures like picking of the litter in the nights or attractive advertisements so that the people having night outs realize the important of cleanliness. Restaurants also benefit the economy and development of the area. The restaurants benefit from the effective transport system. The strategies for change management can be made revolving around the social media platform (Beerel Annabel, 2015) Social media has the capability of linking new people which us beneficial for the restaurants of Gantts Hill. This has also been noted from the key drivers of change in UK by the senior executives. Management plans should be based so that the economic and business volatility is mitigated. The second thing that comes in the change management is the leveraging of the technology so that the globalization and its benefits can be harnessed for the restaurants. The use of newer technology should be adopted in the purchase of inventory and its management. It can also be adopted by improving the supply chain, and the service to the customers (Chuaa, 2013). Adopting innovativeness can also fetch the fruits and attract new customers. It is therefore required that the innovativeness is built in the team efforts. The team of managers, stewards, waiters, chefs, and cooks should be s treamlined and integrated. New efforts should be made to create the services that are liked by the client. The other thing is to take into accounts the benefits for the customers. Conclusion Change management adoption should be on the basis of the organization and the environment in which the organization does its business. The discussion of change management in Gantts Hill restaurant was based on the strategies that can be adopted and the relevance of the same. References 1. Caldwell, D., OReilly, C. (2003). The determinants of team-based innovation in organizations: The role of social influence. Small Group Research, 34, 497517. 2. Collins Dictionary (nd). English Dictionary.Accessed on 27 January 2015. 3. Beerel Annabel (2015). Leadership and Change Management, Ethames Graduate School. 4. French, W. and Bell, C. (1999). Organization Development, 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. 5. Kotter, J.P. (1996). Leading Change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. 6. Lemieux-Charles, L., McGuire, W. (2006). What do we know about health care team effectiveness? A review of the literature. Medical Care Research and Review, 63, 263300. 7. Macmillan Dictionary (2015). Accessed on 27 January 2015.

Summary of the Holocaust Research Paper Example

Summary of the Holocaust Paper The word Holocaust conjures up for many a mixture of emotions. Of all the events that occurred in the past of injustice against humanity, the Holocaust has to be one of the most famous. It has been argued, and not without emotional indifference, that the Holocaust is not like other records in world and Jewish history. Its hard for one to grasp the horror of the Holocaust, especially in a time and place where one is taught about unity as a necessity for the future. Although no amount of sources such as books, movies, and even Holocaust survivors themselves can account for the true catastrophic impact this event had on the victims, we can learn about the consequences and significance of it. In order to understand the Holocaust, we must take into consideration the causes, effects, and the tragedy of the lives that were affected in a way that greatly impacted and forever changed the way the world viewed human nature. In the period of 1933 to the end of World War II, the Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler, attempted to liquidate the Jews and others who didnt fit the Aryan stereotype (Axelrod, 15). We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the Holocaust specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the Holocaust specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the Holocaust specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Nazis called their scheme the Final Solution(Wood, 90). One of the end results of the Final Solution was the emergence horrible concentration and death camps. Over six million Jews were murdered, including 1. 5 million children. Furthermore, about five million non-Jews were killed, totaling to 11 million individuals wiped of the face of the earth. The Nazis and their collaborators had many methods, like the gas chambers, to exterminate a large amount of people quickly and efficiently. The obvious reason for the success of the Holocaust was because of the popular support the Nazis received. There were many factors that allowed for the rise of the Nazi Party and Hitlers dictatorship. First, there was much unrest among the people of Germany. The economy was devastated since it never recovered from World War I and the harsh demands of the Treaty of Versailles which made Germany pay $33 billion in reparations. Another reason was that the Germans were searching for someone or something to blame for their burdens of the humiliation after the war and extremist groups, such as the Nazis, provided an answer for the German people. This made Jews and other minorities an easy target as a scapegoat. This Anti-Semitism combined with the dysfunctional economy molded a pathway for the Nazi Party to rise in Germany. It is important to point out that Hitler and the Nazis came to power by the votes of ordinary people. The Great Depression hit Germany the hardest and the Nazi message appealed more than ever (Wood, 34). The countrys hunger, unemployment, and despair left the people looking for something to cling to- and the Nazi party was it. At first, there wasnt much support for the Nazis (Wood, 34). The other parties, although much larger, were much divided and therefore had a difficult time uniting and gaining support. The Nazi partys propaganda was easy to accept: It certainty offered hope, and its provision of a scapegoat was pleasing. Gradually, the Nazi increased their influence, especially with young people with things such as the youth movements, which became almost compulsory. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, people around the world were shocked by final scores of human losses, and the people responsible were punished for their inhuman acts in the Nuremburg Trials. The Holocaust is significant to many people today, and to an equal number of people means very little. It illustrates that we are still a society thats in the process of searching for knowledge in developing how we treat one another, whether it is for race or faith. The Holocaust stands out as the most current oppressive action against a religion and from this came the most notable phrase, never again. The Holocaust was a dark time in the history of the 20th century and we must remember it in order to keep alive the memories of those who suffered and lost their lives in this terrible event.

Lenses experiment plan Essays

Lenses experiment plan Essays Lenses experiment plan Essay Lenses experiment plan Essay Lenses are a transparent material shaped to refract light. Lenses are remarkable and have helped mankind develop in the so many years the world now uses for almost and visual activity from swimming goggles to open heart surgery lenses are used in some form. But lenses are not all the same. There are two main types of lenses convex and concave. These two lenses are opposites of each other and produce different images. Concave lenses are rarer to find in every day life. A concave lens is curved inwards it is shaped like two dishes placed back-to-back. Light passing through a concave lens diverges. Unlike convex lenses, which produce real images, concave lenses produce only virtual images. A virtual image is one from which light rays only appear to come from but in actual fact the do not. This appears as a smaller to produce image just in front of the actual object. Concave lenses are generally prescribed for short-sighted, people. Concave lenses help the eyes to produce a sharp image on the retina instead of in front of it. Convex lenses are more common in everyday life. The lens is very thick in the middle and thinner at the edges. With the unique shape of then lens it causes the lens to converge any light rays that pass through. This produces an image on any surface on the other side of the lens. The human eye lens is a convex lens and is more like an elastic lens and can change its shape to focus. When viewing objects at a distance the lens becomes short at and fat and when viewing objects close up visa versa. Aim: I will be using a ray box with concave and convex lenses to measure focal points. This will be done by sating up a ray box with a convex/concave lens and shining a ray beams through the lenses and drawing over the beams. With this experiment I hope to acquire the skill of measuring focal points and I will hopefully be able to use this skill later on in higher levels science. Safety There are many safety issues that arise when dealing with electricity and laboratorys that is why when conducting an experiment all safety aspects need to be thought about before carrying out the experiment otherwise someone could occur electrocution or a serious injury when conducting the experiment. Its a known fact that the human body can be damaged by electrical currents that is why it is important to take safety measures such as conduct the experiment away from water to prevent electrical fires. Before any experiments are started all the leads and wires should be checked for cuts and loos wiring exposed wiring etc. Another way of preventing electrical fires or electrocution is by checking that the equipment that is has a circuit breaker or a fuse with the rite amp. Another aspect of safety which needs to be considered is the breakage of glass. There are many safety issues that arise when dealing with glass. One of the main parts of the human body when carrying out experiments are they eyes do to the fact they can easily be damaged and are clearly one of the most delicate exposed parts of the human body. To protect these fragile biological sensors a form of protection is crucial. The most common form of eye protection in the laboratory are the goggles. The goggles appear to be very unattractive to many people but and are often interoperated as a burden and not a safety precaution. The goggles are made out of thick plastic which prevents any flying glass entering the eye and causing any harm to the eyes. Within the laboratory there are frequent breakages which can have damaging affects and can cause injury. That is why it is important to try and prevent breakages knowing what the effect of a breakage is and what to do about it. When these breakages occur they can be on minor scale or a disastrous scale. This depends whether the glass is shatters or breaks in to jagged pieces, most lab breakages are on a minor scale and can simply be swept up by using a brush. With hazardous breakages do not attempt to clear the breakage and find someone qualified to attend to the breakage. Method When the experiment was carried out the first thing that needed to be attended to was having all the correct equipment and materials at hand. The following equipment and materials were gathered: * Protractor- A semicircular instrument used for measuring and constructing angles. * Mirror- A surface that reflects light at the angle it hit the surface which creates a virtual image. * Convex lens- A lens which converges light. * Concave lens- A lens which diverges light. * Power pack- A power pack which controls the amount of energy that goes to the light box * Grates- To split the light in to equal and parallel rays. * Pencil- A rod of graphite cased in wood or metal used for drawing or writing which can be erased by an eraser. * A3 paper- paper twice the size of A4 paper used to draw and write on. Once the equipment had been gathered it was placed and was set-up in the centre of the table. A sheet of plain A3 paper was placed on the table with a light box on top of it. Then light box was connected to the power pack and a 3 ray grate was placed at the end of the ray box. Once the ray box was set-up a convex lens was placed in the centre of the sheet of paper and all the equipment was drawn around. Once the equipment had been drawn around the light ray box was switched on and the light rays were drawn showing the focal point (where the lines met). Then a dotted line was drawn from the lens to the focal point and the line was labelled the focal length. This process was repeated with a concave lens Results As every good scientist knows the results are the main aim of the experiment and recording the results is even more important My results are attached on the A3 pieces of paper. Evaluation I will now evaluate my work to date be referring the aim set at the beginning of the assignment and will evaluate and analyse my performance and accomplishment the objectives. Aim: I will be using a ray box with concave and convex lenses to measure focal points. This will be done by sating up a ray box with a convex/concave lens and shining a ray beams through the lenses and drawing over the beams. With this experiment I hope to acquire the skill of measuring focal points and I will hopefully be able to use this skill later on in higher levels science. Shown above is the initial aim which was stated within the introduction. When I first created this aim I thought I would have an easy journey. As I carried out my experiment, the errors that I encountered were many, to my surprise. However, in the end I successfully carried out the experiment and come out with positive results. Whilst carrying out this experiment I encountered many unexpected errors and I had to overcome them on the spot. As I was conducting my experiment the first error I encountered was that the light box would not turn on. At first I thought it was the power pack and replaced it but that did not seem to work. After replacing the power pack seemed to have no affect I was certain that there was something wrong with the light box so I replaced with another light box but still ended up with sane results as the first time it would not switch on. With changing the power pack and light box there was only one other thing for it the power socket was faulty. With doubt in my head I decided to use another power socket and found that the light box switched on and was working perfectly fine. From here on I did not encounter any other errors. Overall by looking at the problems and potential problems I had I think I didnt carry out a very accurate experiment. With all the minor problems I think the accuracy was not as good as it could have been. I think that the method and the equipment and the materials for this experiment are great for maximum accuracy but they do not eliminate the chance for human error. Over all out of the whole experiment I enjoyed the theory the most due to the fact that it enhanced me knowledge about preparing accurate chemical solutions and it showed me it just wasnt a basic skill but a crucial skill which involved a high level of accuracy I also enjoyed conducting the experiment even though I encountered many errors I enjoyed finding a solution to them. I also think that this experiment has challenged me mentally in every academic way. It has also helped me to develop personal thinking strategies. During this experiment I learnt quote a lot and enhanced my general knowledge of chemicals as a whole and I learnt practical skills of preparing chemical solutions which I will be able to use in the future. Over all this experiment has been an interesting and an enlightening experience which I have gained many skills and much knowledge even though I had encountered many problems I enjoyed the experiment thoroughly and would gladly repeat it.

Cultural Understanding Of Emotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cultural Understanding Of Emotion - Essay Example Campos and Barrett (1984:233) have described emotion as â€Å"regulators and determinants of both intra-personal and interpersonal behaviors.† The construction of emotion in the West is based upon the principle of the autonomy of the individual, therefore individual differences are praised and supported in the societies of America and Western Europe. However, as opposed to this, Asian societies place a greater value upon interconnectedness, therefore values such as self sacrifice for the benefit of others and the maintenance of social harmony are seen to be important in a collective society. As opposed to individual goals, it is collective goals that are deemed more important in Asian societies. This also impacts upon the emotional expressions in these respective societies. While western societies favor a more open display of emotions, in Asian countries, the display of emotions such as anger and love are more covert. While the focus on self may make individuals in Western nat ions less sensitive to the needs of others, in Asian societies, the display of individual emotions that could cause pain or hurt to others may be frowned upon. Cultural Theories: Lively and Powall (2006) have carried out an examination of the strategies that individuals use to express emotion. They have focused in particular upon anger and how it is used as a means to express emotion.

Industrial Relations in Australia Research Paper

Industrial Relations in Australia - Research Paper Example The introduced reforms in the country has constitutionally permitted the court to settle the disputes and issues relevant to the 'wages and conditions of employment for the nation's employees' (Giudice, 2006), such reforms are expected to generate economic effect with reference to the 'decisions and its relationship with industry protection policies which would endure until the closing decades of the century' (Giudice, 2006). The significant feature of the Industrial Relation system practiced in Australia has been its collective system, the industrial relation system has 'provided legal recognition for trade unions which, once registered had the capacity to act in industrial disputes in their own right on behalf of their members present and future', the system has further authorized the industrial units and the trade unions to perform on 'strong egalitarian foundation' (Giudice, 2002).  As per the regulations of the government with reference to the industrial relations, the parties , unions, and employers have been encouraged to file their grievances in the Court for early and peaceful settlement, and avoid any malpractices which are expected to hamper the industrial activities and growth, the industrial units have been barred from different practices of strikes and lockouts, and have regarded such practices as unlawful. Such reforms and regulations have deeply influenced the industrial relations of Australia, and integrations of all these regulations and combination have been unusual. The Australian laws have further incorporated certain variations in the labor laws of its states, and the major concern of the regulations has been 'the bargaining process'. The understanding of the Australian legislative towards the Industrial relations have been extremely different, 'this was because the rationale for Australian unique system was that the strike was to be replaced with conciliation and arbitration carried out under the auspices of a tribunal with a responsibil ity to protect the public interest' (Giudice, 2006). After the strike calls were legitimized in Australia, it was observed that such practices were never adopted because the unions and the industrialists had the common understanding that such practices will never address the concerns of the unions towards the employers, and neither will it benefit any of the party. The country has introduced statutory rights, the purpose of which is to offer protection to the individual employees from expected or unexpected 'unfair or discriminatory termination' (Raymond, 1970) of their services by the employers. Australian laws with reference to the Industrial Relations are required to go through process of conciliation, the prevalent issues have to be initially resolved through conciliation efforts, and any harsh technique and forcible approach has to be avoided and discouraged, and any of the party found guilty of such an act will be regarded as guilty on the grounds of offensive approach.

Analyse the role of the Marriage Amendment Act 2002 (Commonwealth) in Essay

Analyse the role of the Marriage Amendment Act 2002 (Commonwealth) in attempting to adress the perceived social problems - Essay Example The marriage institution as a socially sanctioned union for procreation and child-rearing has been found in all societies, but in widely varying forms. Marriage is sometimes used to establish the legal father of a woman’s child and vice versa; gives the both partners control over the others sexual services, labor and property; establishes a joint fund of property for the benefit of children; establishes a relationship between the spouses. The most common type of marriage is treated as the union of one or more men with one or more women. Marriage is usually heterosexual and entails exclusive rights and duties of sexual performance. Prior to all the hoopla about marriage, the society has seemingly established certain norms and practices that govern the act of marriage. Laws are made to preserve marriage and the family as the basic unit of society. Such laws over the years have seen so many changes in order to adapt to the changing attitude in the society. Dissenting opinions hav e resulted to so many arguments that question the laws passed by each country and are equated as a restrictive measure in the marriage act to satirically portray a morally upright society. Yet in this current period of history when equal rights are commonly fought and granted by the governments, society has also substantially gained a relaxed observance towards the practices that prevailed 25 years ago in the marriage union. Times have changed and society has grown as a whole thereby certain laws are explored that allow equal treatment of rights and preferences as applied into the laws of marriage. However, religions have lobbied against a so-called break-up of the covenant that establishes an exclusive marital union in religion as recognized in modern society. Other celebrated unions that are beyond the religious were sometimes shunned in the last century. Our egalitarian government has given us given us the freedom to choose and practice of our own religion and allowed us to treat

Purchase decision of apartments in metropolitan India

Purchase decision of apartments in metropolitan India Factors affecting the purchase decision of apartments in metropolitan India Abstract Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the motivation behind Indian buyers when looking to purchase an apartment. The factors driving demand preferences for apartments are not well established and are difficult to measure, and often builders may not have an insight into what buyers are looking for. Design/methodology/approach The research in this paper is based on telephonic interviews and internet based survey with recent purchasers, who bought a home in the past 1 year and prospective purchasers looking to buy an apartment in the coming one year. They belonged to number of locations across all metropolitan cities of India Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Kolkata and Chennai. The data were analysed using factor analysis to identify the criteria in an apartment that buyers value the most. This research was done across all ages and irrespective of their intention of why they bought or if this was their first purchase. Further, Cluster analyses was used to determine clusters and one way Anova was used to determine the factors that hold different value to different clusters of people. Discriminant Analysis was used to determine any difference in behaviour of first time purchasers with others. Findings The findings in this paper revealed that issues signifying â€Å"affluence† accounted for approximately 27 percent of the choice of housing by Indian buyers to purchase apartments in metropolitan India. Also, Cluster Analysis revealed that demographically different set of buyers differ significantly in their attitude towards â€Å"Financial† factors. Discriminant analysis revealed that first time buyers give significantly more importance to â€Å"Financial† factors like â€Å"House price†, â€Å"Income† where they give much lesser importance to â€Å"Builder reputation† and â€Å"Status of neighbourhood†. Research limitations/implications The research in this paper is aimed specifically at Indians living in metropolitan cities only which may be very different from the rest of India. The majority of the respondents belong to Delhi, which may also bias the results. The majority of the data has been collected from an online survey which may reduce the validity of the findings. Practical implications If due consideration is given to the factors that buyers are most concerned about, builders of new apartment housing would be better equipped to meet this demand and maximise their profits. Builders will also be able to target buyers better by knowing the difference in preference of first time buyers to others. Originality/value This paper provides an invaluable insight into Indians concept of a suitable apartment in metropolitans. While important decision factors were determined for the entire population, further analysis was done to determine difference in issues felt important to first time buyers. Also, the most important factors were determined for different demographic clusters. Thus in this way, the transaction of purchasing an apartment was analyzed from several points of view. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Purchase, Apartment, India Paper type Research paper INTRODUCTION The Real Estate sector is important to the Indian economy. In terms of employment generation, it is second only to the agricultural sector. The housing sector contributes nearly 5% to Indias GDP. It is expected to rise to 6 per cent in the next five years. Property markets in India are recovering faster than those in the US and the UK. The sector is expected to attract around US$ 12.11 billion of investments in the next five years. Residential space comprises almost 80% of the real estate developed in the country. There is a shortage of 22.4 million dwelling units according to the Tenth Five Year Plan. 80 to 90 million housing units will have to be constructed over the next 10 to 15 years to rectify this, with the majority of them for the middle- and lower-income groups. It is for this reason that residential properties in India, particularly in Mumbai and Delhi, are viewed as very good investments as per a study by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and Urban Land Institute, a global non-profit education and research institute. In the 2009-10 budget, a tax holiday on profits was granted to developers of affordable housing (units of 1,000-1,500 sq ft). This exemption was instituted for projects that started from 2007-08 onwards with a deadline of completion of March 1, 2012. US$ 207 million was also allocated to grant a 1% interest subsidy on home loans up to US$ 20,691 with the caveat that the cost of the home should not be more than US$ 41,382. This was expected to further help the housing sector. An apartment is a residential unit that forms a division of a building. It can be either owned or rented. Some people own their apartments together where each owns a part of the corporation which owns the flat. In condominiums, dwellers own the individual apartments and share the public environment. Living in apartments is gaining popularity in India. 217 townships across India are in the building plans for the Sahara Group. Their allure lies in the convenience that they offer in terms of safety and security and maintenance of utilities like electricity and water. A central maintenance system obviates the need for hiring outside help for minor problems like leaking taps or electric short circuits. Stand-alone homes also require incurring additional costs like buying/leasing land, licensing, duties, etc. Apartments enable maximization of space utilization and reduce demand on public resources. People are also able to avail of additional amenities like gymnasiums, swimming pools, etc. at affordable prices. There is a gap in the literature, however, with regard to the value drivers that dictate purchase decisions of residential property in the country. Similar studies exist for other countries but were found wanting in the Indian context, especially when it comes to apartments. Through this paper, we aim to do the very same, i.e. establish which factors dictate purchase decision and to what extent. We will also correlate these preferences with the demographic profiles and characteristics of our respondents and hence arrive at a greater and much deeper understanding of these issues. We see immense utility for our paper, especially for builders and property dealers who can use our findings in structuring their own business activities. RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Even though consumer behaviour is generally assumed to be an important part of real estate valuation, buyer preferences are generally not considered during the valuation process. It is basically reduced to the confirmation of a bid price which may or may not be met by the buyer. Efforts are being made to address this fault and many papers have been written on the analysis of motivations of residential property purchasers, attempting to explain them using models such as bounded rationality and hedonic pricing. Hedonic Pricing, or Hedonic Demand Theory as it is also known, decomposes the item of interest into constituents and evaluates the importance of each of them and their contribution to the overall valuation. These factors can be both internal characteristics of the good or service and external factors. In the case of real estate valuation, internal characteristics include layout, structure, etc of the property while status of neighbourhood, proximity to schools, etc are the exter nal factors. Factor Analysis enables us to do just that. It is a statistical method that reduces the number of variables by grouping two or more of them into unknown or hidden variables known as factors. Further analysis is then conducted by looking at the variation among these factors and evaluating their relative performance. These factors are taken to be linear combinations of the original variables plus error terms (Richard L. Gorsuch, 1983). â€Å"Factor analysis seeks to do precisely what humans have been engaged in doing throughout history that is to make order of the apparent chaos of the environment† (Child, 1990). It has great use in evaluating consumer behaviour. Charles Spearman is credited with its invention. He used it in the formulation of the ‘g Theory as part of his research on human intelligence (Williams, Zimmerman, Zumbo Ross, 2003). Over the years it has found uses in fields as diverse as psychometrics, marketing, physical sciences and economics. It can be used to segment consumers on the basis of what benefits they want from the product/service (Minhas Jacobs, 1996). It has evolved as a technique over the years, with many researchers working on fine-tuning and improving the analytical process. Bai Ng (2002) developed an econometric theory for factor models of large dimensions. It focused on the determination of the number of factors that should be included in the model. The basic premise of the authors was that a large number of variables can be modeled by a small number of reference variables. Marketing strategies based on customer preferences and behaviour often make use of this technique during the market research phase (Ali, Kapoor Moorthy, 2010) and while devising and changing the marketing mix (Ivy, 2008). Factor Analysis has also been used in ground water management to relate spatial distribution of various chemical parameters to different sources (Love, Hallbauer, Amos Hranova, 2004). The facility of segmentation that factor analysis offers has been extended to the real estate sector and all studies thereof. Regression analyses are subject to aggregation biases and segmented market models yield better results. This segmentation is done using factor analysis Watkins, 1999). Property researchers have also dedicated a lot of attention to researching the preferences of property buyers and identifying the drivers of property value. A study in Melbourne, Australia (Reid Mills, 2004) analyzed the purchase decisions of first time buyers and tried to determine the most influential attributes that affect the purchase decision using factor analysis. The research findings of the paper indicated that financial issues explain about 30% of the variance in the purchase decisions of first time house-owners. This related to timing, the choice of housing, and the decision to buy new housing. Apart from that the choice of housing is dependent on Site Specific factors (Location) and the decision to buy new housing is dependent on Lifecycle factors, such as family formation, marital status or the size of the existing house. Another study determined that brand, beauty and utility play a defining role in property value (Roulac, 2007). The findings of the paper explain why certain properties command premium prices, relative to other properties. It came to the conclusion that for value determination of high priced properties the overall perception of the brand is the most important factor followed by utility and beauty. Brand names are also very important especially in metropolitan markets as they add to the appeal, distinctiveness of the property. Another way to attract buyers attention is through the mix of neighborhood amenities offered (Benefield, 2009). Neighborhood amenities like tennis courts, clubhouses, golf courses, swimming pool, play park and boating facilities significantly impact property values. Xu (2008) used a hedonic pricing model to study the hous ing market of Shenzhen, China. He operated under the assumption that buyers consider property specifics and location attributes separately when they buy a home. The findings suggest that the marginal prices of attributes are not constant. Instead, they vary with the household profile and location. Cluster analysis involves the grouping of similar objects into distinct, mutually exclusive subsets known as clusters. The objective is to group either the data units or the variables into clusters such that the elements within a cluster have a high degree of natural association among themselves while the clusters remain relatively distinct from one another. Mulvey and Crowder (1979) presented and tested an effective optimization algorithm for clustering homogenous data. Punj and Stewart (1983) reviewed the applications of cluster analysis to marketing problems. They presented alternative methods of cluster analysis to evaluate their performance characteristics. They also discussed the issues and problems related to use and validation of cluster analysis methods. Ketchen and Shook (1996) chronicled the application of cluster analysis in strategic management research. They analyzed 45 published strategy studies and offered suggestions for improving the application of cluster analysis in future inquiries. They believed that cluster analysis is a useful tool but the technique must be applied prudently in order to ensure the validity of the insights it provides. Since Marketing researchers were introduced to discriminant analysis half a century ago, it has become a widely used analytical tool since they are frequently concerned with the nature and strength of the relationship between group memberships. It is especially useful in profiling characteristics of groups that are the most dominant in terms of discrimination. Morrison (1969) explained how discriminant analysis should be conducted using canned applications and how the effect of independent variables should be determined. However, care must be taken when applying discriminant analysis. The potential for bias in discriminant analysis has long been realized in marketing literature. Frank, Massy and Morrison (1965) showed that sample estimates of predictive power in n-way discriminant analysis are likely to be subject to an upward bias. This bias happens because the discriminant analysis technique tends to fit the sample data in ways that are systematically better than would be expected by chance. Crask and Perreault (1977) looked at the validation problems in small-sample discriminant analysis. Various research papers have studied the features that are evaluated while purchasing a home, how these features factor in terms of pricing the residences and how the home owners rate the various scales on importance. Such studies, however, were found lacking in the Indian context. This paper aims to understand the value drivers of apartments in Indian metros using factor analysis. The initial variables that we have considered are as follows Ø House Price This refers to the price/rent that is being charged for the apartment. The real estate market is often segmented using this variable. Ø Availability of Gymnasium, Swimming Pool and other sports facilities Many apartment complexes and housing societies offer recreational facilities to the residents to service their lifestyle needs. Ø Traffic This variable refers to the density of vehicular movement in the location in which the apartment is located. Ø Size of Individual Rooms The size of the rooms within the apartment is also an important factor. Some buyers prefer big, airy rooms while others might want smaller rooms. Ø Proximity to City This refers to the location of the apartment relative to the city boundaries, i.e. whether it is within the city proper or on the outskirts. Ø Ability to obtain Loans This variable stands for the ease with which the buyers can get loans, either through the builder or on their own. Ø Parking Space The availability of parking space is considered important by some consumers. Ø Exterior Look of the Apartment This refers to the faà §ade of the apartment, i.e. whether its attractiveness is a strong enough motivation. Ø Household Income The total income of the household often dictates the purchase decision of families. Ø Perceived Safety of Locality This is a big concern for some customers, especially single women and old people and may significantly influence the purchase decision. Ø Branded Building Components Some consumers may value an apartment more if it has branded fittings, furnishings, etc. Ø View from the apartment This can be an important variable for some customers. Ø Preference for Ground Floor This variable refers to the customers preference for the ground floor relative to other floors. Ø Water Supply This variable means to measure how important it is for the consumers that there is continuous, guaranteed and good quality water supply. Ø Structure This refers to the layout of the apartment whether it is a 2BHK or 3BHK, etc. Ø Status of Neighbourhood For some consumers, the reputation and social standing of the locality that they live is very important. Ø Proximity to Shops and Parks This seeks to measure whether proximity to these places is an important criterion for buyers or not. Ø Interior Design This refers to interior features of the apartment like flooring, lighting, balcony, etc. Ø Availability of Domestic Help This can be important consideration, especially for working couples. Ø Proximity to Schools and Offices This seeks to ask how important such proximity is to the buyer. Ø Builder Reputation Many buyers are heavily influenced by the brand name and reputation of the builder. Ø Monthly Living Costs Certain average monthly expenditure is incurred as living expenses. We seek to gauge the relative value of this variable. Ø Proximity to Public Transport, Major Roads, etc This refers to the accessibility of the apartment with regard to public transport and roads. Ø Power Backup Full power backup in case of power outages is frequently advertised by builders. Whether this actually influences buying behavior needs to be examined. Ø Proximity to friends/relatives homes This can be a big variable that dictates consumers in their decision-making process. Methods Sample The questionnaire was sent to people residing in Indian metropolitan cities. Out of the 172 responses received, 13 were rejected since the respondents had not purchased a property in a metropolitan city. Another 13 were rejected because either the respondents had not purchased the apartment in the last one year or were undecided as to when to purchase the property. Finally out of all the respondents 146 (84.9%) were identified. Measures The 25 variables were measured by a Likert scale with responses ranging from 1 (Very Low Importance) to 5 (Very High Importance). Analysis This study uses four tests to analyze the factors involved in purchase of an apartment. The first test conducted is the factor analysis which is used to club the variables in order to determine the purchase criteria of apartments. Thus, in this analysis the broad set of variables will be constricted to determine the smaller set of factors that can explain what home owners look for when purchasing an apartment. After this, a cluster analysis was conducted to determine the various clusters (groups) that exist within the demographic population. On the above said factor analysis and cluster analysis, a one way ANOVA was conducted in order to determine the order of preferences of each factors amongst such clusters. Finally, a discriminant analysis was conducted to identify factors that best differentiate the first time purchasers with others. Results The first test conducted was the factor analysis. Under this test, we followed the Principal Component Analysis method on the 25 variables to combine the correlated variables into factors. The KMO value calculated is 0.799 is above the suggested value of 0.5 which indicates that it is good idea to proceed with Factor Analysis. On the basis of the computations as represented in the Rotated Component Matrix (Table 1), the following factors were received: Affluence, Financial, location, lifestyle, Site-Specific. The variables were classified into a factor if their loading for the respective factor was greater than 0.4. Also, two other unnamed factors were received which remained so due to the fact that no factor can be formed between two variables. We have followed the Kaiser criterion (1960) of retaining only those factors that are greater than one. The initial research on 25 variables was reduced as the variables on domestic help, floor and proximity to friends/relatives was removed a fter the factor analysis was done. Domestic help was removed because it loaded on three factors (Financial, Location and Lifestyle) equally. Preference of Ground Floor was removed from the analysis as it showed a positive loading and negative loading on each of two factors which means that while some considered ground floor to be in consideration other considered the penthouse to be better. Proximity to friends/relatives was removed as it was the only variable in factor 6 (unnamed) and thus no factor can be made by one variable. The results of the Factor Analysis are as under: Rotated Component Matrix Variable Name Affluence Financial Location Lifestyle Site-Specific Unnamed Unnamed Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 5 Factor 6 Factor 7 Traffic 0.768 Gym/Pool/Sports Facility 0.755 View from Apartment 0.721 Builder Reputation 0.644 Parking Space 0.568 Status 0.513 Monthly Cost of Living 0.764 Household Income 0.735 Availability of Loan 0.691 Availability of Domestic Help 0.498 0.414 0.435 Proximity to Schools/Office 0.778 Proximity to Transport 0.607 Proximity to City 0.575 0.424 -0.401 Proximity to Shops/Parks 0.546 Interior Design 0.768 Branded Components 0.712 Power Backup 0.594 Structure 0.741 Size 0.580 0.598 Safety 0.549 Preference of Ground Floor -0.415 0.423 Proximity to Friends/Relatives 0.845 Water Supply 0.410 0.652 House Price 0.405 0.508 Exterior Look 0.426 0.405 -0.464 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. Rotation converged in 21 iterations. Table 1 Factor Loadings- Purchase of an Apartment Table 2 Factor Analysis Factor No. Factor Name Eigen Values Total Variance (%) Cumulative Variance (%) 1 Affluence 6.826 27.306 27.306 2 Financial 2.9 11.600 38.906 3 Location 1.835 7.342 46.248 4 Lifestyle 1.504 6.016 52.264 5 Site-Specific 1.447 5.788 58.052 6 1.129 4.516 62.568 7 1.059 4.236 66.804 The second test that was conducted was the Cluster analysis and has done to segment the respondents on demographic variables of Age, Gender, City and Number of members in the family. Squared Euclidean distance and average linkage hierarchical clustering method was used. At fusion coefficient value of 1.0, two distinct clusters were evident. On conducting a One way ANOVA to compare means with the demographic variables we observe that the two clusters are differ on the mean age with a significance of 0%. The first cluster consists of a younger population with an average age of 37 approximately and the s

Society Must Begin to Value the Labor of Women Essay -- Argumentative

Society Must Begin to Value the Labor of Women The very idea that Capitalism doesn't work for some groups of law abiding, liberty-loving humans stirs horror in the minds of some -- traditionalists, in particular. Nevertheless, Capitalism, (as a way of life) and its economic objectives simply does not serve the lives or the welfare of large segments of our population. Most of us will never become wealthy corporates. Most of us will never own a highly successful business, become a famous rock star, or attain the status of a highly paid professional athlete. Most of us, in fact, will consider ourselves lucky if we get enough food to eat in our lifetimes -- if we are able to afford even the smallest of luxuries in life, like getting our teeth filled when they are in need filling, or going out for an ice cream or a movie every now and again. Most of us will never be able to afford most or even all of the commercial products that call to us through the seductive market of free exchange. We blindly accept that Capitalism is the only or even the best economic system we, as humans, are capable of imagining. And while it's true that Capitalism works for the few, it most often doesn't work for the many. In fact, as many economists and political scientists will tell you, Capitalism is dirty business. It thrives off the most vulnerable among us -- the lowest paid and the unpaid. Capitalism doesn't concern itself with fairness. It doesn't promote an ethical conscience and it, in reality, has very little to nothing to do with the principles of fair exchange. Capitalism is not a system that concerns itself with the principles of "freedom" or equitable exchange. In a very real sense, then, Capitalism is, quite possibly, the very a... ...onfines of the home. Job sight is everything in Capitalism. On the job domestic workers are perceived, through Capitalist ideology, as people unworthy of financial entitlement, status or recognition. Capitalism doesn't concern itself with the care of the home or the children. This is somebody else's responsibility. Somebody else is responsible for the maintenance of homebound women and children. Social assistance is not a paycheck for domestic workers. It does not pay women enough money to feed children adequately, and it demeans, without a doubt, the daunting, laborious, compassionate nature of quality care that many children in our city receive on a daily basis. Sadly enough, we are all complicit in acting out of Capitalism values every time we treat mothers or the work of mothering as though it had absolutely no significance to the maintenance of culture.

Food †Taste Essay

College students do not have much time to make their own meals on a regular basis because they are busy with work and school. In lieu of home cooked meals, fast food is the number one choice that comes to mind. Fast food is quick, taste pretty delicious, and is inexpensive for the average college student. In many cases, there is a wider variety of fast food places in radius of the school campus to choose from. Even college students can always find what they are searching for in reasonable situations. When there is not enough time to go to the supermarket and buy the essential groceries needed to make a home cooked meal, there is always the quickest solution of going to a fast food place. Here, an employee will make what is desired with little to no wait. Any college student can run in, order what they want, and be back out with their food in hand and still be able to do everything on their agenda without being rushed. Drive through is also always available to those who do not want to enter the facility and for those who own a vehicle. What is even better about fast food is the fact that many places allow to put in a future order. Then there would be no wait for the food that was ordered. No one wants to eat food that does not appeal to their taste buds. Not even the college students whose diet consists of junk food. Students want something that taste delicious when they are eating it. Luckily, there is almost every kind of fast food joint that will appeal to one person or another. Fast food tastes extremely good because it is food that is not usually eaten on a day to day schedule. The taste of fast food will make any student fulfilled with it’s appetizing selections. Money, no matter what day and age, will always be a concern and with the option of buying fast food, it does not have to be a worry. Fast food is not at all expensive to the everyday college student. For seven dollars, a student can have a sandwich, a side, and unlimited fountain drinks. Many facilities have a â€Å"value† or â€Å"dollar† menu where food can be bought for even cheaper than what is seen on the regular, full-priced menu. If seven dollars were to be an issue, a student could get two hamburgers and a small drink for three dollars plus tax. They would still get unlimited refills plus an extra three dollars and change in their pocket. With the money left over, they could go the next day and buy the same thing as the day prior. Whether it is french fries or a side salad, fast food places give the average student such a wide variety to choose from.

Bell-South HR benefits essays

Bell-South HR benefits essays Looking for a challenging career and a great place to grow? BellSouth can provide you both. As a leader in the fast-changing telecommunications industry, BellSouth offers you a range of career and growth possibilities. Here's what makes BellSouth a great place to work: A dynamic professional environment where you can put your creativity, enthusiasm and team spirit into action. A nationally recognized benefits program Training/education opportunities for your future A diverse culture based on integrity If this sounds like what your looking for, take a look at the links below to learn more about BellSouth and your opportunities for career growth. Professional Growths and Development BellSouth provides professional growth and development opportunities that few companies can match. Whether you're interested in developing the skills of your craft, learning new technology or honing your leadership style, our BellSouth University team will take you there. We have four learning institutes designed to meet the needs of employees in customer care, sales and marketing, network services and leadership roles. If you join BellSouth, you have our commitment that we will equip you with the training you need for your first day on the job, as well as for your future, if you choose to pursue an exciting career with our company. Chances are that you won't stay with one company for your whole career. But, BellSouth wants you to know - you could - and not be bored. Promotions from within, and the variety of job tracks we have, make opportunities limitless. It's a great place to build a career. BellSouth has a Tuition Aid Plan that's right for you. Whether you're considering going back to school for a technical degree, bachelor's or master's degree, or even a doctorate, BellSouth can get you there. Our Customers: We are driven by the needs of our customers. We understand our customers' needs and ...

Essay on Transsexualism

Essay on Transsexualism Essay on Transsexualism This is a free sample essay on Transsexualism: In 1952, few Americans were familiar with the concept of transsexualism. It was difficult to understand or acknowledge that gender was not synonymous with sex; that is, most people believed that the anatomy with which a child was born would indisputably influence his or her behavior, disposition, career choices, tastes and sexual preferences in one of two ways: male, or female. It was in that year that Christine Jorgensen was born. Christine Jorgensen was in fact a pseudonym for a 26 year old ex-GI from the Bronx named George. Since childhood Jorgensen had been haunted by his place in the sexual binary system, pulled like a magnet to a female identity despite his male genitals. He had finally decided to seek sex-reassignment surgery, an operation that was not available in America but was crudely performed by some doctors in Denmark (Brown et. al). Eventually details of Jorgensens surgery were leaked to reporters and the Daily News screamed EX-GI BECOMES BLONDE BOMBSHELL one quiet morning in December, propelling America into a frenzy of shock, outrage, and curiosity. Some people even saw the fact and publicity of such an event as an important landmark in the destruction of all moral and societal good. What most Americans and other Western citizens didnt know was that a rich history of transsexualism, transgenderism and/or gender variation had been alive and celebrated in many Non-Western societies for innumerabl e years. The Two-Spirited people of the various American Indian tribes and pre-contact south- and central-Americans are arguably the most interesting example of unique transgenderal customs, beliefs, and societal significance. Two-Spirited people, first written about in Western literature in the late sixteenth-century, were called bardaja or berdaches by European missionaries (Trexler). These words indicated a receptive role in sodomy and derived from the Persian bardah prisoner or kept boy. Despite evidence that some berdaches did provide homo-sexual services for warriors in central American tribes and the apparent frequency with which they took same-sex lovers, these individuals played a primarily gender-based, rather than sexual, role. In some cases this gender role was functional, such as in the incidences of female-born children being raised as boys to facilitate a fathers hunting in the Inuit subsistence based economies. Similarly, in families whose children had all been born male, a child in present-day Colombia may have been given a female gender to fill the role of fathers servant or caretaker of a sick mother. Generally these individuals would retain their given-gender for the rest of their live s (Trexler). It is important to realize, however, that in most indigenous cultures, the child raised Two-Spirit was not simply raised in the opposite gender role, but as a combination of the two, as notes Roscoe in The Zuni Man-Woman: [A] male lhamana would take on roles that not only included male occupational status such as farmer, weaver, shaman and story-teller, but potter and housekeeper as well, which were female roles (126). On the other hand, the majority of research on Two-Spirited people has revealed a gender role that is more spiritual than functional. In stark contrast to Europeans, indigenous Americans did not generally view the existence of a third gender as an abnormal phenomenon, but instead as a unique blend of male and female that comes with a heightened spirituality. In quite a number of tribes, such as the Navajo, parents would recognize a child that was to become a man-woman or woman-man by the way he or she acted while very young (Goulet). In the cultures of the Plains and the Prairies, as well as in parts of California and the Northeast, the choice to become a Two-Spirit was preceded by a vision or a dream, which both explained and legitimized their choice to become a gender other than woman or man (Lang, 95). In still other cultures, for example the Canadian Dene-Tha, children are gendered according to a complex system of cross-sex reincarnation beliefs (Lang, 95). Often these reasons fo r gender variance are not exclusive, i.e., a male may express a predisposition for traditionally female chores while young and later experience a spiritual instruction to become a woman, or vice-versa. Regardless of the reason for gender variance among Two-Spirited people, their dual-genders are a natural part of the Native American cultural world view that emphasize[s] and appreciate[s] transformation and change (Lang, 93). Native Americans are expected to go through many changes in a lifetime. The Navajo Ndleehà ©Ãƒ ©, in fact, means someone who is in a constant process of change (Lang, 97). ______________ is a professional essay writing service which can provide high school, college and university students with 100% original custom written essays, research papers, term papers, dissertations, courseworks, homeworks, book reviews, book reports, lab reports, projects, presentations and other assignments of top quality. More than 700 professional Ph.D. and Master’s academic writers. Feel free to order a custom written essay on Transsexualism from our professional essay writing service.

Critical Review of Research Papers in Nursing Paper

Critical Review of Papers in Nursing - Research Paper Example The column bravely uncovers the ravaging attitude which the modern day military possess. It speaks of the mechanical traits of the military, which are deployed to solve tentative, unfathomable, & deepest of social issues. It speaks of inhumanity & corruption on behalf of the governing bodies that deploy armed forces despite knowing that militarization is the remotest solution for any of those problems. Swift amicably draws a fine line denoting that militarization or forceful occupation of a territory is undoubtedly the gravest offence which can be committed against the human race in the contemporary global scenario. Interestingly it appears as if the author touches all the fundamental bases of this burning issue, but refrains himself from delving into the roots of those fatal problems. He speaks of religious liaisons, Chinese cross border aggression, indo-Pak eccentricity & almost everything bestowed within Mother Nature, but strangely swifts away from giving any materialistic soluti on. He places facts, figures & incidents to condemn a certain approach, but outrageously evades the question of a plausible solution. He says that the: ‘arbitrary exercise of power is the centerpiece of any occupation. It is hard to imagine it otherwise,’ but peculiarly disowns himself from this glaring notion when the time arrives for a possible solution (Swift, 2005, p. 1). In another attempt the author has advocated that the Chinese occupation of Tibet is equally condemnable to the US imperialist aggression. It may be cited that Tibet was a land of unprecedented feudal values even until the 1950s. The ruling religious classes of Tibet had battered, bled, slaughtered, & victimized the whole population until the arrival of the Chinese red troops. It is a fact that the temples & palaces of the once invincible lamas were stacked with human bones, fleshes, & skulls as tokens of religious piousness. Buddhism was turned to ‘devilism’ throughout the history of T ibet. The streets were filled with beggars, ailing citizens & there was not a single school which existed in the land of the Himalayas. Even in the 1920s & 1930s the nation existed without a proper economic infrastructure. Barter system was practiced by the invincible ruling class to exploit the ‘half dead’ inmates. The ruling elites bestowed themselves to the western powers, thus paving the way for potential moral & military aid. Naturally, the Chinese aggression was severely criticized by the feudal rulers of Tibet. It was true that china had long term goals than it seemed at the introduction. But it was also true that Chinese power modernized & humanized Tibet. Human rights came into existence (Maxwell, 1970, pp.50-73). Now how can the Chinese annexation of Tibet fall within the same genre of the US attacking Iraq, Afghanistan, or Libya? It simply cannot. The United States of America wants the feudal & religious hegemonies to remain secure at their respective pavilio ns. The reason is simple. The open liberalistic policy of the US backed corporate houses requires ignorance to exist & make further profits. Religion is the easiest weapon which helps to modernize a man from outside without altering his feudal beliefs. Swift speaks against religious fundamentalism. But this topic has been discussed a thousand times before. How can one expect to assemble a group of men with contradicting superstitious (read religious) beliefs & expect them to maintain rationality &

Responsibility to Protect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Responsibility to Protect - Essay Example Responsibility to protect states that (Welsh 2004, p.12): a) A state is responsible for the protection of its population against mass atrocities; b) It is the responsibility of the international community to help the state in case it is incapable of protecting its population by its own; c) In case the state fails in protecting its citizens against mass atrocities, along with peaceful actions have not succeeded, then it is the international community's duty to arbitrate through compelled measures like economic sanctions; nonetheless, military intervention happens to the last resort. According to the international community, responsibility to protect is a custom, rather than a law. Responsibility to protect presents a framework the utilization of the tools that are already in existance, i.e. mediation, powers of chapter Vii, initial warning mechanisms, along with economic sanctioning, in the deterrence of mass atrocities. Therefore, different institutions such as states, the civil soci ety organizations, international institutions and regional organizations play a significant role in the process of responsibility to protect. ... According to paragraph 138, every State is responsible for the protection of its populations against crimes against humanity, genocide, ethnic cleansing and war crimes. This responsibility consists of the prevention of crimes like incitement, by all means possible and necessary. Each state must accept that responsibility, while, at the same time, acting in accord with it. On the other hand, it is the international community's duty of appropriately encouraging, as well as assisting states in exercising this responsibility while in support of the United Nations within the organization of an early warning capability. On the other hand, paragraph 139 asserts that the international community, by means of the United Nations, is responsible of using suitable diplomatic, humanitarian, as well as other peaceful means, in accord with the Charters Chapters Vi and VIII, in helping in the protection of populations from crimes against humanity, crimes of genocide, crimes of ethnic cleansing, as we ll as war crimes. Therefore, the international community makes preparation for taking communal action, in a manner that is timely, as well as decisive manner, via the Security Council, in accord with Chapter Vii of the Charter, on the basis of a case by case, and in collaboration with pertinent regional organizations as suitable, should peaceful means turn out to be inadequate while failure of national authorities in protecting their populations from crimes against humanity, crimes of genocide, crimes of ethnic cleansing, as well as war crimes. It is imperative for the General Assembly to continuously put into consideration the responsibility of protecting populations against crimes against humanity, genocide, ethnic cleansing and war crimes, along

PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Essay

PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - Essay Example Culture and media---in many ways manipulate the ways of thinking of the society. Women grew up deeming that perilous sports are meant for male species, because that is exactly how they were made to believe. However, as society changed its stand on gender equality, women gracefully marched into the tennis courts and charmingly started to acquire gold medals and trophies. Brown, Katrina J., (2010, p.1), â€Å"Globally, the participation of women and girls in sport has increased tremendously. Much of this growth has been attributed to relatively recent changes in national and international law, yet few empirical studies exist that test this assertion. In this study, the role of law, specifically gender-based sports doctrine, is examined across four nations: the USA, Australia, Canada, and Iran. Results are mixed, suggesting women have increased their participation in elite sporting events despite national legal and bureaucratic variations regarding women in sport.† Then again, despite the contribution and desperate attempts of women to participate in sports which are as dangerous as racing, dirt biking, surfing---men continuously dominate this field. The vindication on this issue is simple: gender, until this day, has a great bearing on people’s decisions. In the face of numerous efforts to pull off various recognitions in different fields which are normally for men, women are still outnumbered by Adam’s sons when it comes to sports activities. On the other hand, getting into sports---especially for men---can almost be taken as a social requirement, that not being able to be good at it can also make a person feel like he is less fit or not outstanding. It may not be the intended connotation of promoting physical activities in schools, however, peer pressure, as well as other societal aspects impel more and more people to get into sports---at times---not because they are inclined to, but they feel that

The Effects of Water Shortages in the Last Decade Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Water Shortages in the Last Decade Essay The effects of water shortages in the last decade. New water purification technologies This oral presentation will be divided into few parts. The first one will deal with how the water supplies available to the people, have gradually decreased in the last decade; statistical data will be presented, together with some pictures and graphs. Also, it will make a projection of what could be the impact of the water shortages in the near future and will examine how devastating the need for drinking water could become if certain measures for retaining it are taken very soon. The next part will be about some of the innovations in the water purifications technologies. The last part will be a discussion, where your questions you will be welcomed and I will also ask a couple of questions. It is quite popular to refer to our planet Earth as the Blue Planet and probably all of us are aware why this nickname is given. That’s because of earth’s surface is 70% covered by water. Unfortunately, only around 2% of this is drinking water and the question are we using this small quantity responsively is getting more and more discussed recently. The shortest answer to this question is â€Å"No†; humanity needs too much fresh water and shortages have become highly noticeable. It’s needless to say that water is crucial for all life on earth. It plays an essential role for our health, economy, food production, and environment. Also, drinking fresh water is a compulsory element of the development of the public health, since 21 of the 37 primary diseases are related to water and sanitation. With the growing world population (over 7 billion so far), water consumption rate doubles every 20 years, a pace that is double the rate of population growth. If population and consumption trends persist, it is estimated that the demand for water will surpass its availability by 56%, and 1. 8 billion people will be living in regions of water scarcity by 2025. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that developing countries, already experiencing water-stress, often have the highest population growth rates—bringing more people into a region that already cannot support them. Here it’s important to explain the terms â€Å"water-stressed countries† and â€Å"water-scarce regions†, given the fact that in the near future they will become part of the geographical description of further more parts of the world. Water-stressed countries are regions with fewer than 1,700 m3 of water per capita per year. People living in water-stressed regions must make painful decisions about using water for personal consumption, agriculture, or industry. Regions with fewer than 1,000 m3 per person per year are defined as water-scarce. Water-scarcity hinders economic development, strains the environment, and drastically limits food availability. The 2009 World Water Development report revealed that nearly half of the global population will be living in regions of high water stress by 2030.

Benedick and Beatrices Love in Much Ado About Nothing Essay -- Much A

Entry 1: Act I: Don Pedro and his men return from the war and visit the house of Leonato and his brother, Antonio. This sudden meeting reunites Beatrice with her archrival, Benedick, and it is here that Claudio and Hero fall in love. React: In Shakespeare’s Much Ado about Nothing, there are the usual characters that show up in most of Shakespeare’s pieces. For instance the characters Hero and Claudio could easily be compared to Romeo and Juliet. Both Hero and Juliet are innocent, quite, and beautiful young women who fall in love instantly without conversing with the other person. Likewise, Claudio and Romeo decide to marry these women within twenty-four hours. Because of these characters’ lack of unique and interesting qualities, I am intrigued by Beatrice. Beatrice is by far the best character Shakespeare created; because of how effortlessly she lightens the mood. Beatrice is gifted with wit, humor, and strength uncommon in Shakespeare’s time. One can tell Beatrice’s drollness is at its best when speaking about or to Benedick. When Benedick greets her as â€Å"Lady Disdain† (I.i.109), she snaps, â€Å"Is it possible disdain should die, while she hath such meet food to feed it as Signior Benedick? Courtesy itself must convert to disdain, if you come in her presence† (I.i.110-113). Instead of taking offense, she welcomes the name and essentially tells Benedick that she acts contemptuous only because she’s talking to him. She adds that she’s agreeable with everyone, with him as an exception. Benedick retorts that she’s lucky that she doesn’t love him like all the other women he knows, because he loves no one especially not her. Beatrice responds, â€Å"A dear happiness to women, th ey would else have been troubled with a pernicious suitor. ... ...r it’s Hero and both the couples are happily married. Create: The painting that I created is an abstract depiction of fire. Benedick and Beatrice’s love is like fire because it can’t be tamed or put out. They both try to hide the kindling of their affection for each other to no avail. Even after they initially confessed to each other they both tried to douse their feelings and completely denied ever having loved the other. Despite this, their friends revealed their secret letters and the flames rekindled burning fiercer and brighter than ever before. Therefore they can only let it grow with fiery passion and succumb to their emotions and get married just like their friends planned. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Much Ado about Nothing. Ed. Paul Werstine, Barbara A. Mowat, and Gail Kern. Paster. New York: Simon &ump; Schuster Paperbacks, 1995. Print.

Letter to the Provost option

Dear Sir/Madam: I have been studying for [] years in this school and I have always believed that the school supports and upholds students’ rights that gear towards maturity, discipline, fairness and respect.   Five people in your staff have proven my belief wrong. In pursuance of our grievance procedure as indicated in the most recent Undergraduate Bulletin, I am writing this formal complaint against the [name here], supervisor of our Computer Lab, 2 Computer Lab Assistants and 2 Security Personnel. Last [date of incident], I, together, with a classmate was rushing to the Computer Lab to print handouts for a group presentation that shall start in 20 minutes.   Like normal, we went straight into the Computer Lab but were suddenly stopped by a Computer Lab Assistant (a girl), and who asked us to swipe our IDs.   Although there is a note outside of the door that the ID is required, they never required this of me so for the past 2 years that I have come into the lab, I didn’t think it was ever needed and since time is of the essence at this point, I didn’t think I had the time to search through the three bags I had with me for my ID. My classmate was able to find hers and she went in.   I explained the situation to the Computer Lab Girl and requested for me to just sit next to my classmate and instruct her on what to print but the girl said â€Å"No, you should sit in the corner; and you can’t sit next to your classmate.†Ã‚   I find the first statement very inappropriate but we were pressured.   I asked her to reconsider.   Another Computer Lab Assistant (also a girl) then came and started giving me an attitude.   I was forced to defend myself and answered back saying that â€Å"for two years no one ever asked me for an ID and you guys are giving me an attitude.† They didn’t respond anymore so I went in with my classmate and sat beside her as I surf through my things for my ID.   As my classmate started to type, the supervisor is suddenly there asking me what happened.   I am guessing he has already spoken with the 2 Lab Assistants because when I started to explain, he interrupted me 3 times and then he went off and called Security. A Male Security came and told me to â€Å"leave my stuff† as he escorted me outside.   I followed, with my ID, now in my hand, and once outside, [name of supervisor] started narrating the story to the security as if he was there when it happened.   I tried to butt in to explain my side but [name of supervisor] did not let me, nor was the Male Security willing to listen.   After [name of supervisor] was finished, he snatched my ID from my hand and walked away.   I started to protest and tried to explain but no one is simply, listening to my side of the story and that action was taken as a hostile behavior for they called another security. When the Female Security came, she attempted to take control of the situation by screaming at me.   [name of supervisor] was now back and told me that my name and info is in the system and he said, â€Å"You can’t use MY computer lab and library lab for the rest of the year!† He gave my ID back and since I’m already severely humiliated, ultimately late for my presentation, I told him I want to get my stuff.   [name of supervisor] said that’s not possible and that the security will get it for me.   I protested.   That was my stuff with money, gadgets and personal belongings inside and I’m supposed to trust the security guard who had treated me badly to get it for me, I think not.   [name of supervisor] gave in and the security guard escorted me to my things and out of the Computer Lab. Before leaving, I made an attempt to find out what was the [supervisor’s name]’s name and I said I wanted to file a complaint.   The male security guard utterly refused to give me the name and the Woman Security started yelling at me saying that I’m harassing [name of supervisor]. I heard they wrote a report about me and they asked my classmate who was inside the lab for proper identifying details about me. Looking at this situation, I believe: (1)  Ã‚   First and foremost, that the fact that I’m Jewish, I’m white and that I have an accent is one of the reasons why I am treated differently.   No one gave me the opportunity to explain and no one was willing to listen to me.   Even our Grievance Procedure supports two sides of the story.   There should NOT be any discrimination in this school. (2)  Ã‚   Second, that the Computer Lab Assistants are not doing their jobs.   If they were doing their job in the instance that I am complaining of, (i.e. asking us to swipe our ID), they should have consistently done it for 2 years so that people, like me are not misled.   That is technically, neglect of duty, for them, not to add the fact that majority of their time is spent on pretend typing, music playing (ipod), cellphone handling or maybe nail polishing, I don’t know.   I just know this is very unprofessional. (3)  Ã‚   Third, that the Computer Lab Supervisor should follow due process.   He approached me with prejudice and without the respect that I am due.   I do not think interrupting me while I explain, calling off security and relaying a one-sided story and grabbing my ID from my hand is respectful. (4)  Ã‚   Fourth, the Male and Female Security Staff should follow due process as well.   They do not have to be rude or worse, they should not humiliate people more than they already are. Due to the underlying circumstances, I am unable to write a formal complaint directly to the [name of supervisor], the 2 Lab Assistants and the 2 Security Personnel.   If I may reiterate, this is because: (1)  Ã‚  Ã‚   The supervisor has already humiliated me in front of everyone.   I do not think he has a problem of doing it again. (2)  Ã‚  Ã‚     The supervisor has explicitly made it clear to me that he has entered the fact that I am â€Å"banned† from using the library for one year into the system.   Such being the case, if I do swipe my card, I will automatically be kicked out and maybe, since he’s always there, he can throw me out and add to the injury he has committed. (3)  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Computer Lab Assistants never helped me before and I don’t think they will help me now. (4)  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is an issue of discrimination and even if I do follow the grievance procedure, it will fall onto deaf ears.   My only hope is to bring this up to you. Knowing that you are my final resort in this particular matter, I believe I have the right to demand for the following: (1)  Ã‚   Lifting of the computer ban that was imposed because of a SINGLE, UNFAIR, UNJUST and DISCRIMINATORY instance. (2)  Ã‚   Appropriate action, a warning or a reprimand at the very least, against the people who have mistreated me. (3)  Ã‚   Clear and specific guidelines in the use of the Computer Lab to be included in the Undergraduate Bulletin and/or disseminated through the Computer Lab Bulletin.   These guidelines should indicate all the lab rules [not just the minor ones, see sample announcements attached] specially, the PROCESS in facilitating and addressing complaints or situations such as mine; should specify the procedure to follow for people who DO NOT have their IDs yet and the sanctions for non-implementation of computer lab rules.   Both students and personnel should uphold these rules. I hope you understand where I am coming from specially as regards the Computer Lab.   This service is part of the fee I paid for when I studied here and I am gratefully maximizing this fact.   This is extremely important in my pursuance of good education. I hope you help me achieve that goal and help me rebuild the distorted image I have of this school because of my experience.   I wouldn’t want any others to experience the same thing. Thank you for your time and consideration. Read also: â€Å"Co Curricular Activities Letter†

Concept of Sociological Imagination

Applying the Sociological Imagination Assignment Sociological Imagination Is to think yourself away from the familiar routines of everyday life, and look at them from an entirely new perspective. Looking outside the box. Someone with a sociological imagination might view a homeless person as a person who has had hard times. They might ask questions as to what brought them to homelessness. Did they lose their Job? Did they abuse drugs or alcohol? What are the circumstances that brought them to be homeless.Someone who does not have a sociological imagination would not be able to see outside of their â€Å"norm† and would more than likely make statements to the effect of get a Job, is their choice to be in the situation they are. They would have no empathy for someone who Is homeless or want to know the circumstances that brought someone to become homeless. I feel like a legislator that has sociological Imagination would propose policies the help combat homelessness. Research or have people research what are the leading causing of homelessness and try to make polices that would help minimize homelessness.For example, if you look at a single mom who is struggling to work, pay bills, pay daycare so she can work and maintain rent or a mortgage, a legislator that looks outside the box would look into policies that would help the single mom maybe in creating a policy where the income guideline to get daycare assistance goes up so that she could get daycare assistance or look into policies to help with more energy assistance which would help her with the cost of utilities. Also they would look into ways to create more affordable housing as this county Is In desperate need of affordable housing.A legislator who does not have a sociological imagination or chooses to not look outside the box would not look at ways to help create polices to help the single mom be able to maintain her household. They would look Into polices to develop housing and not necessarily affor dable housing. They may look into commercial developments or look at ways to cut funding for policies and programs that help people be able to maintain housing. Such as the Housing Choice Voucher program. The advantages to have a sociological imagination are to be able to look at a tuition in a different view.To be able to be open to various other ideas and theories. To do the research in the theories you may have and be open to different results. The disadvantages is living life for what is presented to you. Not being able to look at different situations such as homelessness for what might have caused it, whether It be something In there personal lives or something bigger as a mass layoff and could no longer pay their rent or mortgage. A person without a sociological imagination may not be able to look past what Is really going on in the world and mayJust feel stuck In their own situations. Structures that contribute to homelessness are poverty, lack of employment, lack of affordab le housing, and the housing crash in programs and raising the minimum wage so that people could afford to pay the rents and still be able to feed themselves. A micro solution to homelessness could be programs to help people who are homeless and have addiction problems get the help they need to get clean to be able to get a Job, keep a Job and become productive member in society.